Dijitalleşme, Güvenlik ve Aile: Toplumsal Sözleşmeye Yeni Yaklaşımlar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21744553Anahtar Kelimeler:
Dijital Yönetişim- Toplumsal sözleşme teorisi- Gözetim kapitalizmi- Dijital egemenlik- Dijital güvenlikÖz
Dijitalleşme, toplumsal kurumların işleyişini köklü biçimde dönüştürerek aile yapısını yeniden şekillendirmektedir. Klasik toplumsal sözleşme teorileri birey–devlet ilişkisini güvenlik, özgürlük ve mülkiyet temelinde açıklarken, dijital çağda büyük teknoloji şirketleri ve platformlar bu sözleşmenin yeni dolaylı aktörleri hâline gelmiştir. Bu makale, dijitalleşmenin aile kurumuna etkilerini ve toplumsal sözleşme anlayışını nasıl yeniden tanımladığını incelemektedir. Kuramsal çerçeve, Hobbes’un güvenlik, Locke’un mülkiyet ve doğal haklar, Rousseau’nun genel irade ilkeleriyle; Zuboff’un gözetim kapitalizmi, Berners-Lee’nin veri egemenliği ve Castells’in ağ toplumu kavramlarını bir araya getirmektedir. Analiz, dijitalleşmenin ailede mahremiyet sınırlarını yeniden çizdiğini, ebeveynlik rollerini dönüştürdüğünü, çocukların dijital vatandaşlık kimliklerini öne çıkardığını ve kuşaklar arası dijital eşitsizlikleri derinleştirdiğini göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, dijital çağın gereksinimlerine uygun yeni bir toplumsal sözleşme ihtiyacını ortaya koymaktadır. Sözleşmenin temel ilkeleri; dijital mahremiyet hakkı, eşit erişim, çevrim içi güvenlik, dijital okuryazarlık ve kullanıcıların platform politikalarında temsil edilmesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Politika düzeyinde ulusal düzeyde anayasal güvenceler ve çocuk odaklı veri koruma yasaları; uluslararası düzeyde Avrupa Birliği, Birleşmiş Milletler ve UNICEF’in normatif çerçeveleri; çok paydaşlı düzeyde ise devlet–şirket–sivil toplum iş birlikleri öne çıkmaktadır. Sonuç olarak dijitalleşme, yalnızca teknik bir süreç değil; aileyi merkeze alan yeni bir toplumsal sözleşmenin inşasını zorunlu kılan kapsamlı bir toplumsal kırılmadır.
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